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Consonantal overlap effects in a perceptual matching task.

Stéphanie Massol1, Manuel Carreiras2,3,4, Jon Andoni Duñabeitia2

  • 1BCBL - Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Paseo Mikeletegi 69, 2nd Floor, 20009, Donostia, Spain. s.massol@bcbl.eu.

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Words sharing consonants in the same positions cause more processing interference than those with consonants in different positions. This suggests letter position coding is crucial for distinguishing similar words.

Keywords:
Absolute positionConsonantal overlapRelative positionVisual word recognition

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Understanding how the brain processes letter position is key to explaining word recognition.
  • Shared consonants between words can influence processing, but the role of consonant position is less clear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of shared consonants at identical versus different positions on word processing interference.
  • To explore the temporal dynamics of this interference using event-related potentials (ERPs).

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed an explicit perceptual matching task with word pairs.
  • Stimuli included word targets preceded by references sharing consonants at the same or different positions.
  • Experiment 2 utilized event-related potential (ERP) recordings to track neural activity.

Main Results:

  • Greater discrimination costs were observed for word pairs sharing consonants at the same position.
  • ERP data revealed a significant 'Relatedness Effect' (120-600 ms) only for targets with same-position consonant overlap.
  • No significant effects were found for targets sharing consonants in different positions.

Conclusions:

  • Same-position consonant overlap leads to significant processing interference, suggesting words are treated as highly similar.
  • These findings indicate that precise letter position coding is vital for lexical discrimination.
  • Competition between lexical representations likely underlies the observed interference effects.