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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
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Evaluation of T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Center Response During Influenza A Virus Infection in Mice
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T-Cell Abnormalities in Common Variable Immunodeficiency.

G Azizi1,2,3, N Rezaei2,4,5, F Kiaee2,3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Imam Hassan Mojtaba Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|July 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) involves B-cell defects and T-cell abnormalities. This review examines T-cell issues in CVID and how immunoglobulin replacement therapy impacts them.

Keywords:
Common variable immunodeficiencyHelper T cellsRegulatory T cellsT cell

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary immunodeficiency.
  • CVID is defined by impaired B-cell differentiation into plasma and memory B cells.
  • Significant T-cell abnormalities, including altered counts, function, and cytokine profiles, are observed in CVID patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the phenotypic and functional T-cell defects in individuals with CVID.
  • To synthesize existing literature on the impact of immunoglobulin replacement therapy on T-cell abnormalities in CVID.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of studies on CVID.
  • Analysis of phenotypic and functional T-cell data in CVID patients.
  • Examination of the effects of immunoglobulin replacement therapy on T-cell parameters.

Main Results:

  • CVID patients exhibit diverse T-cell defects, affecting T-cell counts, activation, proliferation, and apoptosis.
  • Abnormalities in T-cell cytokine production are frequently reported in CVID.
  • Immunoglobulin replacement therapy may influence T-cell function and counts, though effects can vary.

Conclusions:

  • T-cell dysfunction is a key feature of CVID, contributing to clinical manifestations.
  • Understanding these T-cell defects is crucial for comprehensive CVID management.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role and impact of immunoglobulin replacement on T-cell immunity in CVID.