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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

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Noncoding RNAs in Cancer Immunology

Qian Li1, Qiang Liu2

  • 1Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107, Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, play a crucial role in tumor immunity by affecting immune cells within tumors. These molecules are transported via exosomes to modulate the tumor microenvironment and immune responses.

Area of Science:

  • Cancer immunology
  • Molecular biology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Cancer immunology is a rapidly advancing field, driven by new immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in various biological processes, including cancer.
  • Tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their interactions within the tumor microenvironment are critical for anti-tumor responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the aberrant expression and function of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
  • To highlight the significance of ncRNAs in modulating tumor immunity.
  • To illustrate the intercellular communication of ncRNAs within the tumor microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on noncoding RNAs in cancer immunology.
  • Analysis of aberrant expression and function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
  • Investigation of mechanisms of ncRNA transfer (e.g., exosomes) between tumor and immune cells.

Main Results:

  • Noncoding RNAs, particularly miRNAs and lncRNAs, exhibit aberrant expression and function in tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
  • These ncRNAs significantly influence the development and progression of tumor immunity.
  • Exosomes and other microvesicles facilitate the transfer of ncRNAs between tumor cells and immune cells, modulating the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • Noncoding RNAs are key regulators of tumor immunity, impacting immune cell function and the tumor microenvironment.
  • Understanding ncRNA dynamics, including their intercellular shuttling via exosomes, is crucial for developing novel cancer immunotherapies.
  • Targeting ncRNAs presents a promising strategy for enhancing anti-tumor immune responses and overcoming cancer.
Keywords:
Cancer immunologyLong noncoding RNAsMicroRNAsNoncoding RNAs

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