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Bile salt receptor complex activates a pathogenic type III secretion system.

Peng Li1, Giomar Rivera-Cancel1, Lisa N Kinch2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.

Elife
|July 6, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus uses VtrA/VtrC to sense bile salts, activating virulence. This discovery reveals how bacteria detect environmental cues to control infection pathways.

Keywords:
Bile salt receptorType III Secretion systemVibriobiophysicsinfectious diseasemicrobiologypathogenesissignalingstructural biology

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Bile is crucial in the gastrointestinal tract for digestion and defense.
  • Bacterial pathogens detect bile to regulate virulence during infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Vibrio parahaemolyticus VtrC in sensing bile salts.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of virulence activation in response to bile.

Main Methods:

  • Crystal structure determination of VtrA/VtrC heterodimer and its complex with bile salt.
  • Biophysical and mutational analyses to understand bile salt binding and activation.

Main Results:

  • VtrA, VtrB, and VtrC are essential for activating the type III secretion system 2 in response to bile salts.
  • The VtrA/VtrC complex binds bile salts within a hydrophobic chamber, triggering virulence.
  • Structural insights into the conserved bacterial environmental sensing mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • VtrA/VtrC acts as a bile salt sensor in Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
  • This mechanism highlights conserved bacterial strategies for environmental adaptation and virulence.
  • The findings offer insights into the evolution of signaling receptors in bacteria.