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Related Concept Videos

Self-Regulation01:25

Self-Regulation

308
Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
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The relationships between rumination and core executive functions: A meta-analysis.

Yingkai Yang1, Songfeng Cao2, Grant S Shields3

  • 1The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Research Center of Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.

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|July 6, 2016
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Summary

Rumination is negatively linked to inhibition and set-shifting, but not working memory, in executive functions (EFs). Understanding this relationship can inform interventions for rumination and cognitive training.

Keywords:
core executive functions, inhibition, meta-analysis, ruminationset-shifting, working memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Rumination is often theorized to stem from executive function (EF) deficits.
  • Empirical evidence linking rumination to core EFs is inconsistent.
  • This study synthesizes existing research to clarify the relationship between rumination and EFs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the association between rumination and core executive functions.
  • To clarify the mixed findings regarding rumination and EFs.
  • To explore potential moderators of this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search identified 34 studies (3,066 participants).
  • Meta-analyses were conducted using z-transformed correlation coefficients.
  • Studies included both published and unpublished research.

Main Results:

  • Significant negative associations were found between rumination and inhibition (r = -0.23).
  • Significant negative associations were found between rumination and set-shifting (r = -0.19).
  • No significant association was observed between rumination and working memory.

Conclusions:

  • Rumination is associated with deficits in inhibition and set-shifting, but not working memory.
  • Findings were consistent across various demographic and methodological factors, though power was limited.
  • Further research using diverse EF measures is recommended to inform interventions for rumination, potentially involving EF training.