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  • 1Department of Psychology, Temple UniversityPhiladelphia, PA, USA; Geisinger-Bucknell Autism and Developmental Medicine InstituteLewisburg, PA, USA.

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Summary

Researchers identified face-selective regions in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) in humans. This area responds specifically to faces and is linked to social motivation, unlike the lateral OFC which processes general affective value.

Keywords:
fMRIindividual differencesmotivated attentionvisionvisual processing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Social Neuroscience

Background:

  • Face processing relies on a complex brain network, with posterior visual areas extensively studied.
  • Face-selective regions in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are a newer research area.
  • Existing research suggests OFC involvement in emotional face processing, often seen as domain-general affective value response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and location of face-selective regions within the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).
  • To differentiate between face-specific and domain-general responses in the OFC.
  • To explore the relationship between medial OFC (mOFC) face selectivity and social motivation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) face localizer task in 20 healthy college students.
  • Included appetizing foods as a biologically motivating control stimulus alongside faces.
  • Performed both region of interest (ROI) and whole-brain analyses to identify face-selective areas.

Main Results:

  • Identified individual-level face-selective patches within the OFC.
  • Medial OFC (mOFC) regions showed face selectivity, while lateral OFC regions responded to both faces and foods (domain-general).
  • mOFC face response correlated with social motivation measures, distinct from fusiform cortex face processing abilities.

Conclusions:

  • The medial OFC contains face-selective regions in humans, distinct from domain-general affective processing areas.
  • These mOFC face-selective regions are specifically linked to social motivation.
  • Findings differentiate the functional roles of medial versus lateral OFC in face and emotion processing.