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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
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Year in Review 2015: Pediatric ARDS

Ira M Cheifetz1

  • 1Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Children's Hospital, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. ira.cheifetz@duke.edu.

Respiratory Care
|July 7, 2016
PubMed

Insights

In 2015, significant advancements were made in understanding pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Further research is crucial for improving outcomes in children with this critical lung condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) management knowledge lags behind adult care.
  • 2015 saw a notable increase in publications regarding pediatric ARDS.
  • The Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC) has driven recent progress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key 2015 publications on pediatric ARDS.
  • To highlight advancements in diagnosis and management strategies for pediatric ARDS.
  • To identify areas requiring further investigation in pediatric ARDS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on 2015 publications.
  • Emphasis on consensus definitions, ventilation strategies, and adjunctive therapies.
  • Analysis of sedation, delirium, and noninvasive support in pediatric ARDS.

Main Results:

  • The PALICC consensus definition provides a framework for pediatric ARDS.
  • Key areas of focus included high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and lung-protective strategies.
  • Progress was made in understanding sedation and delirium management.

Conclusions:

  • Recent publications have significantly expanded the literature on pediatric ARDS.
  • Continued research is essential for improving treatment and outcomes for children with ARDS.
  • Further investigation is needed in ventilation, sedation, and delirium management.

Keywords:
ARDScorticosteroidsdeliriumhigh-flow oxygenhigh-frequency ventilationmechanical ventilationnoninvasive ventilationpediatricsedationsurfactant

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