Encouraging professional scepticism in medical practice

Area of Science:

• Philosophy of Science
• Medical Epistemology

Background:

• Medical practice frequently involves complex cases.
• These complexities often stem from the epistemological problem of underdetermination, where data can support multiple theories.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the implications of the underdetermination thesis for medical diagnosis and judgment.
• To propose systematic approaches for managing uncertainty in complex medical cases.

Main Methods:

• Conceptual analysis of the underdetermination thesis.
• Examination of Sextus Empiricus's ancient skepticism.
• Review of professional skepticism in auditing.

Main Results:

• Underdetermination poses a risk of incorrect medical analysis and judgments.
• Potential for patient suffering due to diagnostic uncertainty.
• Ancient and modern skepticism offer frameworks for addressing uncertainty.

Conclusions:

• Systematic approaches to uncertainty are crucial in medicine.
• Skepticism, from ancient philosophy to modern auditing, provides valuable models for medical practice.
• Professional skepticism can enhance the management of complex medical cases.