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Correlational study on atmospheric concentrations of fine particulate matter and children cough variant asthma

Y-X Zhang1, Y Liu, Y Xue

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital in LaiWu City, Laiwu, Shandong Province, China. zhao_lei1212@163.com.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|July 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is linked to the onset of children's cough variant asthma. Elevated PM2.5 levels negatively impact immune regulation and lung function in affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cough variant asthma (CVA) is a distinct clinical entity in children.
  • Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a known environmental pollutant with potential respiratory effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between atmospheric PM2.5 concentrations and the incidence of CVA in children.
  • To evaluate the impact of PM2.5 on immune markers and ventilatory function in children with asthma.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving children with CVA, typical asthma, chronic pneumonia, and healthy controls.
  • Measurement of seasonal average PM2.5 levels and various immunological and ventilatory parameters (e.g., lymphocyte ratio, IgE, CD4+/CD8+T, hs-CRP, FEV1/predicted).

Main Results:

  • PM2.5 concentrations were significantly higher in spring and winter.
  • A positive correlation was found between PM2.5 levels and the onset of CVA (r=0.623, p=0.017) and typical asthma (r=0.714, p=0.015).
  • Children with CVA and typical asthma exhibited altered immune profiles (higher lymphocyte ratio, IgE; lower CD4+/CD8+T) and reduced ventilatory function compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • PM2.5 exposure is associated with the onset of CVA in children.
  • PM2.5 negatively affects immune regulation and ventilatory function, contributing to asthma development and exacerbation.
Abstract

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