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Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Is Adversely Associated with Childhood Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Ching-Jung Yu1, Jung-Chieh Du2, Hsien-Chih Chiou3

  • 1Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan. d49521001@ym.edu.tw.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|July 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

High sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is linked to increased odds of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. This study found a dose-response relationship, suggesting a significant adverse correlation between SSB intake and ADHD diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Psychiatry

Background:

  • Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent childhood neurobehavioral condition.
  • Existing evidence on the impact of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on mental health, particularly ADHD, remains inconclusive.
  • Previous research suggests a potential association between high SSB intake and attention problems in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that SSB consumption is associated with ADHD in children.
  • To determine if a dose-response relationship exists between SSB intake and ADHD diagnosis.
  • To explore the correlation between SSB consumption and ADHD, controlling for various covariates.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 173 children diagnosed with ADHD and 159 non-ADHD controls, aged 4-15 years.
  • Data collection via questionnaires on SSB consumption, socio-demographics, lifestyle, and maternal pregnancy characteristics.
  • Analysis included blood lead levels and polymorphisms of DRD4 and DAT1 genes.

Main Results:

  • A significant dose-response relationship was observed between SSB consumption and ADHD.
  • Children with moderate and high SSB intake had 1.36 and 3.69 increased odds of ADHD, respectively, compared to non-consumers (p for trend < 0.05).
  • These findings persisted after adjusting for covariates and remained significant when excluding females.

Conclusions:

  • SSB consumption shows an adverse correlation with ADHD in children.
  • A clear dose-response effect indicates that higher SSB intake is associated with a greater likelihood of ADHD.
  • Findings underscore the importance of dietary factors, specifically SSB intake, in the context of childhood ADHD.

Keywords:
ADHDartificial food coloringblood lead levelcase-controlchildrengene polymorphismpreservativesugar-sweetened beverage

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