Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Solvents01:12

Solvents

71.9K
A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
71.9K
Solvating Effects02:12

Solvating Effects

9.2K
An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
9.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Editorial: Host dynamics and immune evasion: delineating the influence of RNA and DNA viruses.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Surface engineering of graphene as a novel nano-carrier for doxorubicin using sugar-based deep eutectic systems.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
Same author

FOXO1 in cancer: context-dependent roles, microRNA regulation, and therapeutic opportunities.

Discover oncology·2026
Same author

Biocatalytic transformation of Ganoderma lucidum by porcine pancreatic lipase in hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Persistent T Cell Immunity Following Nipah Virus Infection: Evidence From Malaysian Survivors.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Mechanistic Insights and Advances of Bispecific T Cell Engaging Antibodies Therapy in Multiple Myeloma.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
06:15

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Published on: October 31, 2019

12.9K

Natural deep eutectic solvents: cytotoxic profile.

Maan Hayyan1, Yves Paul Mbous2, Chung Yeng Looi3

  • 1University of Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Springerplus
|July 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) show varying cytotoxicity based on components and viscosity. Organic acids increase toxicity, but NADESs generally have lower toxicity than DESs, enabling future applications.

Keywords:
COSMO-RSCancer cell lineCholine chlorideCytotoxicityGreen solventsIonic liquidsNatural deep eutectic solvents

More Related Videos

Lethality Bioassay Using Artemia salina L.
09:09

Lethality Bioassay Using Artemia salina L.

Published on: October 11, 2022

12.8K
An Automated Differential Nuclear Staining Assay for Accurate Determination of Mitocan Cytotoxicity
07:58

An Automated Differential Nuclear Staining Assay for Accurate Determination of Mitocan Cytotoxicity

Published on: May 12, 2020

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
06:15

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Published on: October 31, 2019

12.9K
Lethality Bioassay Using Artemia salina L.
09:09

Lethality Bioassay Using Artemia salina L.

Published on: October 11, 2022

12.8K
An Automated Differential Nuclear Staining Assay for Accurate Determination of Mitocan Cytotoxicity
07:58

An Automated Differential Nuclear Staining Assay for Accurate Determination of Mitocan Cytotoxicity

Published on: May 12, 2020

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are emerging as sustainable alternatives to traditional solvents.
  • Understanding the toxicological profiles of NADESs is crucial for their safe application.
  • Previous studies on NADESs cytotoxicity are limited, especially for ternary mixtures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cytotoxic effects of water-containing ternary NADESs.
  • To explore the relationship between NADESs composition, viscosity, and cytotoxicity.
  • To elucidate the cytotoxic mechanisms of NADESs using computational modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of five ternary NADESs using choline chloride and various hydrogen bond donors (HBDs): glucose, fructose, sucrose, glycerol, and malonic acid.
  • Inclusion of water as a tertiary component, except for the malonic acid-based NADES.
  • Cytotoxicity assessment and analysis using the conductor-like screening model for real solvent (COSMO-RS) software.

Main Results:

  • The malonic acid-based NADES exhibited higher toxicity than water-based NADESs.
  • A correlation was observed between cancer cell requirements, NADES viscosity, and cytotoxicity.
  • COSMO-RS simulations indicated strong interactions between NADESs and cell membranes, with accumulation and aggregation potentially driving cytotoxicity.
  • Organic acids as HBDs significantly contribute to increased NADES toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Careful selection of NADES components is essential to mitigate toxicity.
  • NADESs generally display lower acute toxicity compared to their deep eutectic solvent (DES) counterparts.
  • These findings support the potential for large-scale utilization of NADESs in various applications.