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Surface-atmosphere decoupling limits accumulation at Summit, Greenland.

Max Berkelhammer¹, David C Noone², Hans Christian Steen-Larsen³

¹Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

Science Advances

|July 8, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Greenland Ice Sheet's interior accumulation is not solely controlled by temperature. Stable atmospheric conditions create a decoupling, recycling moisture and conserving ice mass through fog formation.

Keywords:

Greenland Ice sheet atmospheric boundary layer climate change ice-atmosphere interaction polar climate water isotopes

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Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

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Area of Science:

Glaciology
Atmospheric Science
Isotope Hydrology

Background:

Coastal Greenland Ice Sheet regions experience rapid melting, but ~40% of the interior rarely melts.
Surface conditions like clouds and inversions create uncertainty in estimating moisture flux and accumulation in the ice sheet interior.
Existing models suggest accumulation is thermodynamically controlled by temperature-dependent vapor pressure, but ice core data show variability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mechanisms controlling annual accumulation in the rarely melting interior of the Greenland Ice Sheet.
To assess the role of atmospheric stability and surface-atmosphere interactions in regulating moisture flux and ice mass balance.
To understand the implications for interpreting past climate records from ice cores.

Main Methods:

Analysis of three years of stable water vapor isotope profiles from a high-altitude Greenland Ice Sheet site.
Investigating the relationship between atmospheric boundary layer stability and moisture transport.
Utilizing isotopic signatures to trace moisture pathways and recycling processes.

Main Results:

Increasing atmospheric boundary layer stability leads to decoupling between the ice sheet surface and the free troposphere.
This decoupling limits surface condensation, reducing moisture flux to rates below thermodynamic potential.
A mechanism of moisture recycling via fog formation and gravitational settling conserves ice sheet mass.

Conclusions:

Ice sheet mass conservation in the interior is influenced by a unique atmospheric decoupling and moisture recycling mechanism, not just thermodynamics.
This finding challenges purely thermodynamic controls on accumulation and has significant implications for paleoclimate reconstructions using ice core isotopes.
Understanding these processes is crucial for accurately predicting future changes in Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance.