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Inner solar system material discovered in the Oort cloud.

Karen J Meech1, Bin Yang2, Jan Kleyna1

  • 1Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822-1839, USA.

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Summary
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Manx object C/2014 S3, originating from the Oort cloud, shows weak cometary activity. This rocky asteroid may be ancient Earth-forming material ejected from the inner solar system billions of years ago.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy and astrophysics
  • Planetary science
  • Solar system dynamics

Background:

  • C/2014 S3 (PANSTARRS) is a unique object with a cometary orbit from the Oort cloud, yet physically resembles an inner main belt asteroid.
  • Dynamical models of the solar system vary in their predictions regarding the ejection of rocky material into the Oort cloud.
  • The presence of such material could validate or refute specific planetary migration theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature and origin of the object C/2014 S3 (PANSTARRS).
  • To determine if C/2014 S3 represents preserved inner solar system material.
  • To use C/2014 S3 as a test case for solar system dynamical models.

Main Methods:

  • Observation and analysis of C/2014 S3 (PANSTARRS).
  • Characterization of its physical properties and orbital dynamics.
  • Assessment of its cometary activity and composition.

Main Results:

  • C/2014 S3 exhibits very weak, comet-like activity, significantly less than typical comets.
  • This activity is attributed to the sublimation of residual volatile ice.
  • The object is physically similar to S-type asteroids but has a cometary orbit from the Oort cloud.

Conclusions:

  • C/2014 S3 is classified as a 'Manx object' due to its minimal activity and near-tailless appearance.
  • It likely represents pristine material from the inner solar system's formation, ejected and preserved in the Oort cloud.
  • This object serves as crucial evidence for testing theories of giant planet migration and inner solar system material transport.