Onychophagia: A nail-biting conundrum for physicians.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Psychiatry
• Public Health

Background:

• Onychophagia, or habitual nail biting, is a prevalent disorder impacting 20-30% of the global population across all age groups.
• This condition can precipitate significant psychosocial distress, diminish quality of life, and lead to physical complications affecting the nail unit and oral cavity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a comprehensive review of onychophagia.
• To examine its prevalence, etiology, clinical presentation, and associated complications.
• To outline current management strategies and emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary treatment approach.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on onychophagia.
• Analysis of prevalence data, etiological factors, and clinical manifestations.
• Synthesis of information on complications and treatment modalities.

Main Results:

• Onychophagia is widespread, affecting a substantial portion of the population.
• The disorder is associated with negative psychosocial impacts and physical health problems.
• Current treatment approaches are often challenging and necessitate collaborative care.

Conclusions:

• Onychophagia is a common disorder with significant consequences for patient well-being.
• A coordinated, multidisciplinary strategy involving dermatologists, internists, pediatricians, psychiatrists, and dentists is crucial for effective management.
• Further research into optimal treatment interventions is warranted.