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Introduction to force01:25

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Consider water flowing from a nozzle to a turbine vane. As the water hits the turbine vane, it exerts a force that causes it to move along the flow of direction. Force is an impact that changes an object's motion, shape, or orientation. Forces can be caused by physical contact, such as a push or pull, or through non-contact interactions, such as magnetic or gravitational forces. Force is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction, and is measured in newtons (N) in the SI unit...
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Introduction to Wood01:19

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Wood, derived from trees, is a versatile and widely used construction material. Trees feature a trunk surrounded by a protective layer of dead bark. Beneath this outer layer lies the living bark, followed by the cambium, and then the sapwood which transitions into heartwood as it matures. At the center of the trunk is the pith. The age of a tree can be discerned by examining its growth rings, which are concentric bands visible in the trunk's cross-section.
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Introduction to Actin01:26

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Actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found abundantly in eukaryotic cells. It constitutes 10% weight of the total cellular protein in muscle cells, while in non-muscle cells, it is lower and makes up around 1–5 percent of the total cell protein. Actin found in the unicellular amoebae and complex multicellular animals is around 80% similar, demonstrating their conservation over a billion years of evolution.  Actin coding genes are conserved within species and across...
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Many familiar physical quantities can be specified completely by giving a single number and the appropriate unit. For example, "a class period lasts 50 min," or "the gas tank in my car holds 65 L," or "the distance between the two posts is 100 m." A physical quantity that can be specified completely in this manner is called a scalar quantity. The word "scalar" is a synonym for "number." Time, mass, distance, length, volume,...
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Introduction to Fibroblasts01:09

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Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...
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Introduction to Structures01:30

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A structure is defined as a system of interconnected members designed to support or transfer forces and successfully withstand the loads acting on them. The internal forces of a structure can be determined by decomposing the structure and analyzing the free-body diagrams of the individual members or of a combination of members. This helps in understanding the structural elements' behavior and ensuring that the structure is stable and can withstand the subjected loads.
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Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
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Foreword.

Thomas R Frieden1

  • 1Director, CDC.

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|July 9, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa highlighted the need for global health security. It revealed that indirect deaths from healthcare disruption likely exceeded direct Ebola virus disease fatalities.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health Security
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Emergencies

Background:

  • The 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa necessitated a significant international response.
  • The outbreak tested global preparedness for major health crises.

Discussion:

  • While direct Ebola virus disease (EVD) deaths were high, indirect mortality from healthcare system collapse was substantial.
  • Essential health services for malaria, tuberculosis, and vaccinations were severely disrupted.

Key Insights:

  • Ebola preparedness in at-risk nations requires enhancement.
  • Health system resilience is critical during large-scale epidemics.
  • Indirect consequences of epidemics can be as devastating as the disease itself.

Outlook:

  • Strengthening national and international public health infrastructure is vital.
  • Future epidemic preparedness must address the broader impact on healthcare systems.
  • Sustained investment in global health security is essential to prevent future crises.