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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
1.1K
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
537
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

794
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
794
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

422
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
422
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

387
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
387

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Isolated Ascending Aortic Aneurysms: Five-Year Comparative Outcomes between Modified Wrapping Technique and Supracoronary Tube Replacement.

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A Rabbit Aortic Valve Stenosis Model Induced by Direct Balloon Injury
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Drug-induced aortic valve stenosis: An under recognized entity.

Pierre-Vladimir Ennezat1, Patrick Bruneval2, Daniel Czitrom3

  • 1Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, France.

International Journal of Cardiology
|July 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Valvulopathic drugs may cause aortic stenosis (AS) and mitral drug-induced valvular heart disease (DI-VHD). Pathology confirms drug-induced fibrosis in aortic valves, suggesting a link between DI-VHD and AS development.

Keywords:
Aortic stenosisBenfluorexDrug induced-valvular heart diseaseFenfluramin derivatives

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Aortic stenosis (AS) observed with mitral drug-induced valvular heart disease (DI-VHD) suggests valvulopathic drugs may contribute to AS pathogenesis.
  • Investigating the link between valvulopathic drug exposure and the co-occurrence of AS and mitral DI-VHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report echocardiographic and pathological findings in patients with AS and mitral DI-VHD after valvulopathic drug exposure.
  • To explore the potential role of valvulopathic drugs in AS development.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 25 patients with AS (mean gradient >15mmHg) and mitral DI-VHD.
  • Exclusion of patients with rheumatic fever, radiation therapy, systemic disease, or bicuspid aortic valve.
  • Echocardiographic and pathological examination of aortic and mitral valves.

Main Results:

  • 25 patients (mean age 62) presented with AS and mitral DI-VHD.
  • Aortic regurgitation was present in 96% of patients; 68% had prior diagnosis of drug-induced aortic regurgitation.
  • Pathology revealed dense, non-inflammatory fibrosis in aortic valves, characteristic of DI-VHD.

Conclusions:

  • The association between AS and mitral DI-VHD following valvulopathic drug exposure is significant.
  • Valvulopathic drugs may play a role in the pathogenesis of AS, evidenced by fibrotic changes in aortic valves.