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Optical Shaping of X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers.

A Marinelli¹, R Coffee^1,2, S Vetter¹

¹SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory,2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.

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|July 9, 2016

Summary

Researchers demonstrate a novel temporal shaping technique for x-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) using a spectrally shaped infrared (IR) laser. This method enables precise optical control over x-ray pulse duration down to the femtosecond scale.

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Area of Science:

Physics
Laser Science
Materials Science

Background:

X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are crucial tools for scientific research.
Controlling the temporal properties of FEL pulses is essential for advanced experiments.
Existing methods for temporal shaping have limitations, especially for high-power, high-repetition-rate FELs.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate a new optical technique for temporal shaping of x-ray free-electron laser (FEL) pulses.
To enable precise control over the duration of x-ray pulses using infrared laser manipulation.
To provide a method compatible with next-generation high-average power FELs.

Main Methods:

Utilized a spectrally shaped infrared (IR) laser to influence the x-ray generation process.
Manipulated the spectral amplitude and phase of the IR laser.
Modified the electron bunch longitudinal emittance to control x-ray pulse duration.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated a new temporal shaping technique for x-ray FELs.
Achieved control over x-ray pulse duration down to the femtosecond time scale.
Showcased the applicability of optical shaping to high-average power FELs and high repetition rates.

Conclusions:

The demonstrated IR laser-based temporal shaping technique offers precise optical control over x-ray FEL pulses.
This method is directly applicable to advanced FEL facilities like LCLS-II and the European XFEL.
The technique enables flexible tailoring of multicolor FEL pulses for advanced spectroscopy and imaging.