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RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Exon Recombination

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast

ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast

Published on: June 30, 2022

Group II Intron Self-Splicing.

Anna Marie Pyle^1,2

¹Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.

Annual Review of Biophysics

|July 9, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Group II introns are catalytic RNA molecules crucial for splicing and genetic variation across organisms. Recent studies reveal their dynamic structure and catalytic mechanism, offering insights into RNA machines.

Keywords:

RNA catalysis RNA folding RNA splicing enzyme mechanism retrotransposition ribozyme

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Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

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Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

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Published on: April 22, 2021

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biochemistry
Genetics

Background:

Group II introns are large, self-splicing ribozymes vital for RNA metabolism and genetic variation.
They play a significant role in genome evolution, potentially giving rise to spliceosomal introns and retroelements.
Their catalytic activity is essential in plants, fungi, yeast, and bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the structure and catalytic mechanism of group II introns.
To understand the dynamic conformational changes during splicing.
To gain insights into RNA structure, folding, and catalysis.

Main Methods:

Genetics
Chemical biology
Solution biochemistry
Crystallography

Main Results:

The structure and catalytic mechanism of group II introns have been elucidated.
Group II introns function as dynamic machines, cycling through multiple conformations during splicing.
A central active site with a metal ion cluster catalyzes both steps of self-splicing.

Conclusions:

Group II introns are complex molecular machines with a detailed catalytic mechanism.
Understanding their structure and function provides insights into RNA-based catalysis and genome evolution.
Further research is needed to fully understand the behavior of these RNA machines.