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RNA Stability

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...

RNA Stability

RNA Stability

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA

RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA

Published on: April 10, 2018

Nuclear Noncoding RNAs and Genome Stability.

Jasbeer S Khanduja¹, Isabel A Calvo¹, Richard I Joh¹

¹Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 13(th) Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.

|July 9, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nuclear noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial role in maintaining genome stability. These molecules prevent DNA recombination, repress transposable elements, and aid in DNA repair and genome rearrangements.

Keywords:

DNA double-strand break (DSB)DNA repair diRNA genome stability heterochromatin lncRNA noncoding RNA (ncRNA)piRNA siRNA transposon silencing

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Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

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Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP

Published on: March 25, 2012

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Epigenetics

Background:

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for diverse biological functions beyond mRNA.
Nuclear ncRNAs are involved in various cellular pathways, including genome maintenance.
Understanding ncRNA roles is crucial for comprehending genome stability mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanisms by which nuclear noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) maintain genome stability.
To highlight the diverse roles of ncRNAs in preventing DNA damage and rearrangements.
To explore the potential evolutionary implications of ncRNA-mediated genome modification.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on nuclear ncRNAs and genome stability.
Analysis of mechanisms including inhibition of recombination, transposon repression, and DNA repair.
Examination of ncRNA roles in specific processes like DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and genome rearrangements.

Main Results:

Nuclear ncRNAs actively inhibit spurious recombination at repetitive DNA elements.
ncRNAs repress the mobilization of transposable elements (TEs), safeguarding genome integrity.
ncRNAs serve as templates or bridges for DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair.
Specific ncRNAs direct developmentally regulated genome rearrangements in certain organisms.

Conclusions:

Nuclear ncRNAs employ a variety of mechanisms to ensure genome stability.
These ncRNAs contribute to preventing deleterious DNA alterations.
ncRNAs may also act as templates for genome modification, potentially driving evolution.