Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Availability Heuristic

The Availability Heuristic

A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same authorSame journal

Multiple HIV virological failures related to bictegravir-valproic acid interaction evidenced by therapeutic drug monitoring: A retrospective study.

Therapie·2026

Same author

Drug interactions and kidney safety of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in kidney transplant recipients with HIV: an interventional pilot study.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2026

Same author

External Evaluation of Population Pharmacokinetic Models of Cabotegravir, During Its Oral and Intramuscular Administration in HIV-Infected Patients.

CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology·2026

Same author

Encephalopathy in mechanically ventilated adult patients in the intensive care unit: the role of β-Lactam overdosing.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Potential Impact of Microbial Dysbiosis and Tryptophan Metabolites in Advanced Stages of Colorectal Cancer.

Biomedicines·2026

Same author

Evaluation of dasatinib and ponatinib for the control of CD123 CAR-T cell functionalities.

Molecular therapy. Oncology·2026

Same journal

Pharmacology of pruritus (pathophysiology, therapeutic targets).

Therapie·2026

Same journal

Barriers to prescribing methylphenidate for adults with ADHD: A qualitative study.

Therapie·2026

Same journal

[Self-medication and its factors amongst Navymen aboard surface ships of the French Navy at sea: A descriptive study].

Therapie·2026

Same journal

Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus induced by ticagrelor: Recurrence after rechallenge.

Therapie·2026

Same journal

Indication-related misuse of oral fluoroquinolones in adults by general practitioners in France.

Therapie·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Published on: November 15, 2013

[Not Available].

Pauline Gerritsen-van Schieveen¹, Anne Hulin², Patrice Muret³

¹CHU Besançon, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France.

|July 10, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Oral etoposide shows significant variability, impacting patient safety. Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended to manage hematological toxicities by optimizing etoposide exposure levels.

Keywords:

level of evidence niveau de preuve oral etoposide étoposide oral

More Related Videos

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles

Published on: November 1, 2012

A Submerged Filter Paper Sandwich for Long-term Ex Ovo Time-lapse Imaging of Early Chick Embryos

A Submerged Filter Paper Sandwich for Long-term Ex Ovo Time-lapse Imaging of Early Chick Embryos

Published on: December 28, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Published on: November 15, 2013

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles

Published on: November 1, 2012

A Submerged Filter Paper Sandwich for Long-term Ex Ovo Time-lapse Imaging of Early Chick Embryos

A Submerged Filter Paper Sandwich for Long-term Ex Ovo Time-lapse Imaging of Early Chick Embryos

Published on: December 28, 2016

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Clinical Pharmacy
Oncology

Context:

Oral etoposide exhibits substantial inter- and intra-patient variability in absorption and metabolism.
Hematological toxicities are a significant concern in etoposide treatment.
Current clinical practice lacks consistent monitoring of oral etoposide exposure.

Purpose:

To investigate the relationship between etoposide exposure and hematological toxicities.
To evaluate the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring for oral etoposide.
To determine the optimal exposure metric for managing toxicity.

Summary:

A strong correlation exists between hematological toxicities and etoposide exposure, with total etoposide area under the curve being the most relevant metric.
Linear pharmacokinetics and reduced variability in controlled studies support the feasibility of therapeutic drug monitoring.
Therapeutic drug monitoring for oral etoposide is considered recommended or potentially useful.

Impact:

Optimizing oral etoposide dosing through therapeutic drug monitoring can improve patient safety by minimizing hematological toxicities.
This approach can lead to more predictable treatment outcomes in patients receiving oral etoposide.
Further research utilizing a Bayesian approach is warranted to solidify the evidence base for therapeutic drug monitoring of oral etoposide.