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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

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Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence
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Allergic Rhinitis and Sinusitis.

P S Norman1

  • 1a Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore.

Postgraduate Medicine
|July 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic rhinitis can often be managed with common medications. For persistent cases, an allergy specialist can provide specific diagnosis and immunotherapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis is a common condition affecting many individuals.
  • Standard treatments include antihistamines, decongestants, and topical corticosteroids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the management of allergic rhinitis.
  • To define when specialist intervention is necessary.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current treatment guidelines for allergic rhinitis.
  • Clinical expertise in allergy and immunology.

Main Results:

  • Pharmacological treatments are effective for many patients.
  • Immunotherapy is a viable option for refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • Initial management of allergic rhinitis involves symptomatic relief with medications.
  • Specialist consultation for diagnosis and immunotherapy is indicated when initial treatments are insufficient.