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Cognitive Function and the Ageing Process: The Peculiar Role of Mild Thyroid Failure
Giuseppe Pasqualetti, Nadia Caraccio, Umberto Dell Agnello
1Geriatrics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Via Roma 67, 56 126-Pisa; Italy. fabio.monzani@med.unipi.it.
Summary
Thyroid hormone (TH) dynamics during aging are complex. Subclinical hypothyroidism (sHT) is linked to cardiovascular and cognitive issues, particularly in younger individuals, with ongoing research into treatments for the elderly.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Gerontology
- Neurology
Background:
- Evidence suggests a link between thyroid hormone (TH) and aging.
- The role of shifting Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels in aging remains unclear: adaptive response or mild thyroid dysfunction (sHT)?
- Research explores a reset of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis to counter aging-related catabolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on subclinical hypothyroidism (sHT) and aging.
- To focus on experimental evidence linking sHT to cognitive impairment and dementia.
- To examine new treatment patents for sHT patients, especially the elderly.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific English publications.
- Focus on experimental evidence regarding cognitive function.
- Analysis of patents for potential therapeutic interventions.
Main Results:
- Subclinical hypothyroidism (sHT) is associated with cardiovascular events (ischemic heart disease, stroke) in those under 65.
- sHT is linked to cognitive impairment in individuals under 75.
- The relationship between mild thyroid failure and aging is complex, impacting cardiovascular and neurological diseases.
Conclusions:
- Mild thyroid failure has a complex relationship with aging, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological conditions.
- The review highlights experimental evidence on sHT, cognitive decline, and dementia.
- New treatment patents offer potential improvements for sHT patient care, particularly in the elderly.
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