Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...

Tumor Progression

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Profiling the long-term risk of severe adverse events in a cohort of multiple sclerosis patients treated with different treatment sequences: Results from the Italian Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Registry (I-MS&RD) (ProSA study).

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026

Same author

Gaining biological insights through supervised data visualization.

Nature computational science·2026

Same author

Cerebellar magnetization transfer ratio and its relationship to clinical outcomes in radiologically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026

Same author

A predictive tool for early treatment escalation after initiation of moderate-efficacy therapy in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026

Same author

Late-onset multiple sclerosis is associated with relapse-independent disability accrual: a propensity score-weighted recurrent-event study.

Journal of neurology·2026

Same author

Comparative effectiveness of ocrelizumab in subgroups of patients with multiple sclerosis: a multi-registry observational cohort study.

Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry·2026

Same journal

The significance of electrophysiological recordings from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in humans.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Same journal

Fus-depleted oligodendrocytes reduce neuronal damage and Alzheimer's disease progression in the AppNL-G-F mouse.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Same journal

Cervical lymph node biomarkers in neurodegeneration.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Same journal

Lower motor neuron disorders: time for a closer look.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Same journal

Reply: Cervical lymph node biomarkers in neurodegeneration.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Same journal

Propionic acid and neurofilament light chain in multiple sclerosis.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Defining secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Johannes Lorscheider¹, Katherine Buzzard², Vilija Jokubaitis¹

¹1 Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia 2 Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology

|July 13, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new objective definition for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) improves diagnostic accuracy and timeliness. This standardized approach aids research comparability and clinical trial design for SPMS patients.

Keywords:

MSBase definition disability secondary progressive multiple sclerosis study design

More Related Videos

Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: November 14, 2016

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Published on: October 13, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: November 14, 2016

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Published on: October 13, 2023

Area of Science:

Neurology
Clinical Research Methodology
Biostatistics

Background:

Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) diagnosis lacks standardization, hindering research.
Objective criteria are needed for accurate and comparable SPMS studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an objective definition for SPMS onset.
To improve the accuracy, feasibility, and timeliness of SPMS diagnosis.

Main Methods:

Analyzed 576 data-derived SPMS onset definitions using the MSBase cohort (17,356 patients).
Validated definitions against neurologist consensus and 5-year disease outcomes.
Evaluated timeliness and disability burden of top-performing definitions.

Main Results:

The best definition: 3-strata progression, no relapse, 3-month confirmation, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≥4, pyramidal score ≥2.
Achieved 87% accuracy versus consensus; identified patients had positive disability trajectories (78%) and significant disability (70%) within 5 years.
Diagnosis occurred earlier (32.6 years) than physician diagnosis (36 years), with greater disease burden.

Conclusions:

A novel, objective SPMS definition based on EDSS and relapse history offers reproducible, accurate, and timely diagnosis.
This definition can enhance clinical trial design and comparability in SPMS research.