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Handgrip Strength Index Predicts Nutritional Status as a Complement to Body Mass Index in Crohn's Disease
Ze Lan Lu1, Tian Rong Wang1, Yu Qi Qiao1
1State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology &Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Shanghai No.160 Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai 200127, China.
Background:
Body mass index [BMI] is widely used to measure nutritional status in Crohn's disease [CD] patients, but limitations remain. Measuring handgrip strength index, in addition to BMI, may aid in overcoming limitations.
Methods:
A total of 150 patients with CD and 254 controls were included in this study. All patients and controls underwent BMI, handgrip strength and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Bioelectrical impedance analysis included body cell mass, bone mineral content, skeletal muscle mass and body fat mass. A total of 88 CD patients were age-, sex- and BMI-matched with healthy controls for further analysis.
Results:
BMI, body cell mass, body cell mass index, handgrip strength and handgrip strength index were all significantly decreased in the group of CD patients compared with controls [p < 0.0001]. When paired by BMI, healthy controls had significantly increased body cell mass index[p = 0.0344] and handgrip strength index [p = 0.0010] compared to patients. In addition, handgrip strength was well correlated with body cell mass [r = 0.8365, p < 0.0001].
Conclusions:
BMI is widely used for detecting malnutrition, but it is less sensitive in predicting loss of body cell mass and skeletal muscle mass. Our study shows that handgrip strength index is an effective and convenient parameter to predict the functional nutritional status and muscular health in CD patients.
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