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Related Concept Videos

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
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The stress-strain relationship in ductile materials such as structural steel or aluminium is intricate and progresses through several stages. When a specimen is loaded, it initially exhibits a linear length increase, depicted by a steep straight line on the stress-strain diagram. It indicates the material is elastically deforming and will return to its original shape once unloaded. However, when a critical stress value is reached, plastic deformation begins. This stage sees substantial...
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Updated: Mar 18, 2026

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Elastocaloric effect in CuAlZn and CuAlMn shape memory alloys under compression.

Suxin Qian1, Yunlong Geng2, Yi Wang2

  • 1Department of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|July 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Copper-based shape memory alloys show significant elastocaloric effects under compression. CuAlMn alloy demonstrates superior performance with lower stress and hysteresis, making it promising for cooling applications.

Keywords:
CuAlMnCuAlZnelastocaloric effectrefrigerationshape memory alloy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are functional materials exhibiting unique properties.
  • The elastocaloric effect (ECE) in SMAs offers a potential solid-state cooling technology.
  • Cu-based SMAs are investigated for their ECE properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the elastocaloric effect of two Cu-based shape memory alloys: CuAlZn and CuAlMn.
  • To evaluate their performance under compression at ambient temperature.
  • To determine their potential for solid-state refrigeration applications.

Main Methods:

  • Compression tests were performed on CuAlZn and CuAlMn alloys at varying strain rates to simulate isothermal and adiabatic conditions.
  • Adiabatic temperature changes (ΔTad) were measured upon unloading.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine latent heat.
  • Maximum stress and hysteresis were compared at maximum recoverable strain.

Main Results:

  • The highest adiabatic temperature changes achieved were 4.0 K for CuAlZn and 3.9 K for CuAlMn.
  • CuAlMn exhibited significantly lower stress (70% less) and hysteresis (70% less) compared to CuAlZn at 4.0% recoverable strain.
  • Latent heat values were 4.3 J/g for CuAlZn and 5.0 J/g for CuAlMn.
  • A potential coefficient of performance (COPmat) of approximately 13.3 was calculated for CuAlMn.

Conclusions:

  • CuAlMn alloy demonstrates superior elastocaloric properties compared to CuAlZn, with lower operating stress and hysteresis.
  • The investigated Cu-based SMAs show promise for efficient solid-state cooling applications.
  • CuAlMn is a strong candidate for practical elastocaloric refrigeration systems.