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Identification of Genes Coding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes in E. coli of UTI Patients in India
Abdul Rouf Mir1, Yasir Bashir2, Firdous Ahmad Dar1
1Department of Biotechnology, Government Degree College Baramulla, Kashmir 193101, India.
Abstract:
This study is to probe the pattern of antibiotic resistance against aminoglycosides and its mechanism in E. coli obtained from patients from Chennai, India. Isolation and identification of pathogens were done on MacConkey agar. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done by disc diffusion test. The identification of genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes was done by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Out of 98 isolates, 71 (72.45%) isolates were identified as E. coli and the remaining 27 (27.55%) as other bacteria. Disc diffusion method results showed a resistance level of 72.15% for streptomycin, 73.4% for gentamicin, 63.26% for neomycin, 57.14% for tobramycin, 47.9% for netilmicin, and 8.16% for amikacin in E. coli. PCR screening showed the presence of four genes, namely, rrs, aacC2, aacA-aphD, and aphA3, in their plasmid DNA. The results point towards the novel mechanism of drug resistance in E. coli from UTI patients in India as they confirm the presence of genes encoding enzymes that cause resistance to aminoglycoside drugs. This could be an alarm for drug prescription to UTI patients.
Insights
Antibiotic resistance in E. coli from Indian patients is high for many aminoglycosides. This study identified specific resistance genes, highlighting a novel drug resistance mechanism in urinary tract infection patients.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern.
- Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
- Aminoglycosides are crucial antibiotics for treating bacterial infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and mechanisms of aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance in E. coli isolates from patients in Chennai, India.
- To identify the specific genes responsible for aminoglycoside resistance in these E. coli strains.
Main Methods:
- Bacterial isolation and identification using MacConkey agar.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing via the disc diffusion method.
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes.
Main Results:
- Out of 98 isolates, 71 (72.45%) were identified as E. coli.
- High resistance rates were observed for streptomycin (72.15%), gentamicin (73.4%), and neomycin (63.26%).
- PCR confirmed the presence of resistance genes (rrs, aacC2, aacA-aphD, aphA3) in the plasmid DNA of E. coli.
Conclusions:
- The study reveals a significant pattern of aminoglycoside resistance in E. coli from Indian UTI patients.
- The presence of specific aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes indicates a novel drug resistance mechanism.
- Findings serve as a critical warning for aminoglycoside drug prescription in UTI management.
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