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Centrioles and Centrosomes

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Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
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Centrifugation

Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...

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Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Imaging Centrosomes in Fly Testes

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Published on: September 20, 2013

Taking Centrioles to the Elimination Round.

Todd A Schoborg¹, Nasser M Rusan¹

¹Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Developmental Cell

|July 13, 2016

Summary

Polo kinase and pericentriolar material protect centrioles during female oogenesis. Recent studies reveal their crucial role in preventing centriole elimination in developing eggs.

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Developmental Biology
Reproductive Biology

Background:

Centriole elimination is a critical process during female gamete development.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing centriole elimination is essential for reproductive biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanism of centriole elimination during female oogenesis.
To identify factors that regulate or prevent premature centriole loss.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from recent publications in The Journal of Cell Biology and Science.
Investigating the roles of specific proteins and cellular structures in oogenesis.

Main Results:

Polo kinase plays a protective role in preventing centriole elimination.

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The pericentriolar material is also involved in safeguarding centrioles during oogenesis.

Conclusions:

Polo kinase and pericentriolar material are key regulators of centriole stability in oocytes.
These findings provide new insights into the precise control of centriole dynamics during female meiosis.