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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

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Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...
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IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones01:29

IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones

7.8K
Infrared spectroscopy, also known as vibrational spectroscopy, is mainly used to determine the types of bonds and functional groups in molecules. In aldehydes and ketones, the carbonyl (C=O) bond shows an absorption around 1710 cm-1. The C=O bond vibration of an aldehyde occurs at lower frequencies than that of a ketone. In addition to the C=O absorption in an aldehyde, the aldehydic C–H bond also gives two peaks in the 2700–2800 cm-1 range. This absorption, coupled with the...
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Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
6.6K
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

3.5K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
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Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
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Vibrational Spectroscopy in Body Fluids Analysis.

Andrei A Bunaciu1, Şerban Fleschin2, Vu Dang Hoang3

  • 1a SCIENT - Research Center for Instrumental Analysis, (CROMATEC_PLUS S.R.L.) , Tancabesti, Snagov , Romania.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|July 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Vibrational spectroscopy, including mid-infrared and Raman techniques, provides molecular insights into body fluid composition. This review covers key applications from 2005-2015 for analyzing these complex biological samples.

Keywords:
Body fluids analysisRaman spectroscopyvibrational spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy offers molecular-level insights into substance composition.
  • Mid-infrared and Raman spectroscopy are established techniques for molecular vibration analysis.
  • Body fluids present complex matrices for molecular investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of vibrational spectroscopy in analyzing body fluids.
  • To highlight advancements in mid-infrared and Raman spectroscopy for biological samples.
  • To summarize relevant research published between 2005 and 2015.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications.
  • Focus on mid-infrared and Raman spectroscopy techniques.
  • Analysis of studies involving body fluid samples.

Main Results:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy has been successfully applied to various body fluid analyses.
  • Specific molecular signatures in body fluids can be identified.
  • The period 2005-2015 shows consistent application and development in this field.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy is a powerful tool for molecular characterization of body fluids.
  • Mid-infrared and Raman spectroscopy offer valuable approaches for biomedical analysis.
  • Continued research is expected to expand the utility of these techniques in diagnostics.