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Reconsidering Temporal Selection in the Attentional Blink.

Patrick T Goodbourn1, Paolo Martini2, Michael Barnett-Cowan3

  • 1School of Psychology, The University of Sydney School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne patgoodbourn@gmail.com.

Psychological Science
|July 14, 2016
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Summary

The attentional blink, where people miss the second of two targets, is simpler than thought. A second attentional episode only occurs after a brief delay, explaining why targets seen immediately after the first are often detected.

Keywords:
attentionopen dataopen materialsstatistical analysisvisual perception

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Perception

Background:

  • The attentional blink describes the failure to perceive a second target (T2) when it closely follows a first target (T1).
  • Previous models proposed complex dynamics like suppression, temporal shifting, and diffusion of attentional selection during the attentional blink.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the dynamics of attentional selection during the attentional blink.
  • To clarify the conditions under which a second attentional episode occurs.
  • To explain the phenomenon of Lag-1 sparing within a revised framework.

Main Methods:

  • Reanalysis of six existing data sets.
  • Application of mixture modeling to analyze report errors.
  • Examination of target-target intervals (lags) and their effect on target report accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Evidence for a second attentional episode only emerges when T2 follows T1 by 100-250 ms or more.
  • At shorter lags, both targets are processed within a single attentional episode, explaining Lag-1 sparing.
  • When a second episode occurs, suppression and delay decrease with increasing lag, while temporal precision remains stable.

Conclusions:

  • The attentional blink dynamics are simpler than previously suggested, characterized by a single episode at short lags and a delayed second episode at longer lags.
  • This revised model accounts for both the attentional blink and Lag-1 sparing.
  • The findings refine our understanding of temporal attentional selection and its limitations.