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Malaria on the Move : Ecological Considerations for the Armed Forces.
P Jaiswal1, S Srinivasan2, V K Mehta3
1DADH, HQ 9 Inf Div, C/o 56 APO.
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|July 14, 2016
Summary
Falciparum malaria is a risk for soldiers in Northeast India, especially during mobilization. Reduced use of mosquito nets and repellents, not chemoprophylaxis, was linked to malaria cases in deployed troops.
Area of Science:
- Tropical Medicine
- Military Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Soldiers deployed in Northeast India face significant risk of falciparum malaria.
- Troop mobilization periods exacerbate malaria vulnerability in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the factors associated with falciparum malaria incidence in deployed soldiers.
- To compare malaria prevention measure adherence between infected soldiers and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Utilized epidemiological case sheets for data collection on movement, clinical symptoms, and investigations.
- Employed immunochromatography test (ICT) for rapid falciparum malaria diagnosis.
- Conducted a case-control study to assess antimalarial practices (nets, repellents, chemoprophylaxis).
Main Results:
- 19 out of 623 soldiers developed falciparum malaria within ten days during operational mobilization.
- Significantly lower usage of mosquito nets and repellents observed in malaria cases compared to controls.
- No significant difference in chemoprophylaxis compliance between cases and controls.
Conclusions:
- Proposed a new concept of "malaria on the move" or "operational malaria".
- Highlights the importance of personal protective measures like mosquito nets and repellents in preventing malaria during military operations.
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