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Spinal infections in children: A review
1Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Ayr, Dalmellington Rd., Ayr KA6 6DX, United Kingdom.
Journal of Orthopaedics
|July 14, 2016
Summary
Pediatric spinal infections, including discitis and osteomyelitis, require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Early Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging and antimicrobial therapy are crucial for good outcomes in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Pediatric Neurology
Background:
- Spinal infections are uncommon but serious causes of illness and hospitalization in children.
- Conditions range from discitis to osteomyelitis and spinal abscesses, caused by diverse pathogens.
- Unique pediatric vertebral structures influence disease development differently than in adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of pediatric spinal infections.
- To highlight the role of advanced imaging and antimicrobial resistance.
- To emphasize the importance of early intervention for optimal patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pediatric spinal infections.
- Analysis of diagnostic challenges and imaging modalities, particularly Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging.
- Discussion of current treatment strategies and emerging pathogens like Kingella kingae.
Main Results:
- Non-specific symptoms often lead to diagnostic delays.
- MR imaging is key for early and accurate diagnosis.
- Antimicrobial resistance and increasing Kingella kingae infections are concerning trends.
Conclusions:
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of pediatric spinal infections are essential.
- Early MR imaging and appropriate antimicrobial therapy improve prognosis.
- Vigilance for antimicrobial resistance and specific pathogens is necessary.
