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Related Concept Videos

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
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Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
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Fingerprint detection and mapping using a phase shifted coherent gradient sensing technique.

Jitendra Dhanotia, Satya Prakash, Vimal Bhatia

    Applied Optics
    |July 14, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new coherent gradient sensing (CGS) technique noninvasively maps latent fingerprints. This full-field method uses laser light and a grating sensor to reveal detailed ridge topography without chemical treatments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Forensic Science
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Latent fingerprint analysis is crucial for forensics.
    • Existing methods may require chemical treatments or lack full-field imaging.
    • Accurate topological mapping of fingerprint ridges is essential for identification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel, noninvasive, full-field technique for latent fingerprint mapping.
    • To utilize coherent gradient sensing (CGS) for high-resolution fingerprint topography retrieval.
    • To demonstrate the effectiveness of the CGS sensor in analyzing fingerprint ridge characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Illumination of a fingerprint specimen with collimated He-Ne laser light.
    • Analysis of reflected light using a coherent gradient sensing (CGS) sensor with gratings.
    • Retrieval of topological information via four-step phase shifting interferometry.

    Main Results:

    • Reconstruction of well-defined 2D and 3D phase plots of human fingerprint topography.
    • Accurate mapping of fingerprint ridge and furrow depth and orientation.
    • Demonstration of slope data reconstruction for ridge separation and depth analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed CGS technique provides a noninvasive, full-field method for latent fingerprint mapping.
    • The technique offers interferometric sensitivity with a simple, compact, and cost-effective sensor.
    • This approach eliminates the need for chemical or physical fingerprint treatments, enhancing forensic analysis.