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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
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Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

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Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
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Application of a Coupling Agent to Improve the Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
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Mode coupling in metal-coated microsphere.

Shuhao Cai, Yu Xiang, Yadong Miao

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    |July 14, 2016
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study explores mode coupling in metal-coated microspheres, revealing supermodes with high quality (Q) factors and surface enhancement. These findings are promising for advanced biochemical sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Nanotechnology
    • Optical Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Metal-coated microspheres exhibit unique optical properties due to surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs).
    • Understanding mode coupling is crucial for optimizing light-matter interactions in microcavities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To comprehensively investigate the mode coupling characteristics in metal-coated microspheres.
    • To analyze the properties of the resulting supermodes for potential applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Mie theory and an analytical method to study mode coupling.
    • Calculated dispersion relations, field distributions, and Q factors of eigenmodes.
    • Investigated the coupling between symmetric SPP, asymmetric SPP, and TM eigenmodes.

    Main Results:

    • Identified strong coupling between different SPP and TM modes at specific microsphere radii.
    • Observed that the generated supermodes possess high Q factors and high surface enhancement factors.
    • Demonstrated simultaneous achievement of high sensitivity and figure of merit in biochemical sensing.

    Conclusions:

    • Metal-coated microspheres can support supermodes with desirable properties through mode coupling.
    • These supermodes show significant potential for high-performance biochemical sensing applications.
    • The study provides a theoretical basis for designing advanced optical sensors.