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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry
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Features of Human CD3+CD20+ T Cells.

Elisabeth Schuh1, Kerstin Berer2, Matthias Mulazzani3

  • 1Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University, 1090 Vienna, Austria;

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|July 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A subset of T cells expressing CD20 was confirmed, found in various organs and cerebrospinal fluid. These CD3(+)CD20(+) T cells exhibit enhanced cytokine production and varied responses to multiple sclerosis treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroimmunology

Background:

  • Monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20 are used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS), primarily by depleting B cells.
  • A controversial subset of T cells co-expressing CD3 and CD20 (CD3(+)CD20(+)) has been recently described and is also targeted by anti-CD20 therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To confirm the existence and characterize the phenotype and function of CD3(+)CD20(+) T cells.
  • To investigate the distribution and behavior of these cells in the context of multiple sclerosis and its treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry and gene transcription analysis to identify and quantify CD3(+)CD20(+) T cells.
  • Analysis of cell distribution in various tissues and cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Phenotypic characterization using markers like CD8, CD45RO, and CCR7.
  • Assessment of cytokine production (IL-4, IL-17, IFN-γ, TNF-α).
  • Evaluation of T cell responses to MS disease-modifying drugs.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed that 3-5% of circulating human T cells are CD3(+)CD20(+).
  • These cells are present in thymus, bone marrow, lymphatic organs, and cerebrospinal fluid, even without inflammation.
  • CD3(+)CD20(+) T cells are enriched in CD8(+) memory cells and show higher cytokine production compared to CD20(-) T cells.
  • Observed variable responses to MS treatments: reduced by fingolimod, alemtuzumab, dimethyl fumarate; increased by natalizumab.
  • CD3(+)CD20(+) T cells repopulated faster and at higher levels than B cells after rituximab treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Human CD3(+)CD20(+) T cells are a distinct subpopulation with a significant presence in immune organs and the central nervous system.
  • These cells possess potent cytokine-producing capabilities and play a role in the immunopathogenesis of MS.
  • Their differential response to MS therapies highlights their importance in treatment strategies and suggests potential therapeutic targeting.