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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Brain Ventricular Microinjections of Lipopolysaccharide into Larval Zebrafish to Assess Neuroinflammation and Neurotoxicity
Published on: August 23, 2022
Neuroinflammation pathways: a general review
Tara Shabab1, Ramin Khanabdali2,3, Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi1
1a Faculty of Science, Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Program , Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
Abstract:
Activated microglial cells play an important role in immune and inflammatory responses in central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases. Many pro-apoptotic pathways are mediated by signaling molecules that are produced during neuroinflammation. In glial cells, NF-κB, a transcription factor, initiates and regulates the expression of several inflammatory processes during inflammation which are attributed to the pathology of the several neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the most important neuroinflammatory mediators with their pathways. Attenuating cytokines production and controlling microglial inflammatory response, which are the result of understanding neuroinflammation pathways, are considered therapeutic strategies for treating neurodegenerative diseases with an inflammatory component.
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