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Sleep quality is associated with walking under dual-task, but not single-task performance.

Maayan Agmon1, Tamar Shochat1, Rachel Kizony2

  • 1The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel.

Gait & Posture
|July 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Poor sleep efficiency is linked to slower walking speed and increased gait variability in older adults during dual-task walking, suggesting a higher fall risk. Evaluating sleep quality is crucial for fall risk assessment.

Keywords:
Dual- taskFall riskGait variabilityOlder adultsSleep efficiencySleep latency

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sleep Science
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Gait performance is critical for mobility and independence in older adults.
  • Sleep disturbances are common in aging populations and may impact cognitive and physical functions.
  • Dual-task walking challenges gait stability more than single-task walking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between sleep behavior (sleep efficiency and sleep latency) and gait performance in community-dwelling older adults.
  • To differentiate the impact of sleep on gait under single-task versus dual-task walking conditions.

Main Methods:

  • 34 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 71.5 years) participated.
  • Gait speed and variability were measured using wearable sensors (OPAL) during single-task and dual-task walking.
  • Sleep efficiency and latency were assessed over 5 nights using actigraphy.

Main Results:

  • Lower sleep efficiency correlated with reduced gait speed and increased stride-length variability during dual-task walking.
  • Longer sleep latency was associated with increased stride-length variability during dual-task walking.
  • Sleep efficiency explained a significant portion of variability in stride length and time during dual-task conditions, but no associations were found for single-task walking.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced sleep efficiency and increased sleep latency are associated with poorer gait performance under dual-task conditions in older adults.
  • These gait impairments under dual-task conditions are indicators of increased fall risk.
  • Clinical assessment of fall risk in older adults should include evaluation of sleep quality.