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Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats
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Metacognitive inferences from other people's memory performance.

Robert W Smith1, Norbert Schwarz2

  • 1Fisher College of Business, Ohio State University.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Applied
|July 15, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People infer event extremity from how well others remember it, using memory as a cue for real-world information. This impacts judgments, like recommending harsher punishments for well-remembered assaults.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Memory Studies

Background:

  • Lay theories of memory guide social inference.
  • Memory performance can serve as an indirect indicator of event characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how people use others' memory performance to make inferences about past events.
  • To examine the impact of these memory-based inferences on behavioral intentions.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted, involving participants evaluating the extremity of events (physical assault, restaurant experience) based on recall timelines.
  • Behavioral intentions, such as punishment recommendations, were measured.

Main Results:

  • Events remembered longer (one year vs. one week) were inferred to be more extreme.
  • This effect was mitigated when memory was attributed to an irrelevant factor (e.g., photographic memory).
  • Inferences about event extremity influenced recommendations for punishment severity.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals utilize metacognitive judgments about memory to infer the objective characteristics of events.
  • Memory's perceived informational value is crucial for these social inferences and subsequent behaviors.