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Integrable model for density-modulated quantum condensates: Solitons passing through a soliton lattice
1Department of Basic Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Hiyoshi 4-1-1, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan; Department of Theoretical Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia; and RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Abstract:
An integrable model possessing inhomogeneous ground states is proposed as an effective model of nonuniform quantum condensates such as supersolids and Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superfluids. The model is a higher-order analog of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We derive an n-soliton solution via the inverse scattering theory with elliptic-functional background and reveal various kinds of soliton dynamics such as dark soliton billiards, dislocations, gray solitons, and envelope solitons. We also provide the exact bosonic and fermionic quasiparticle eigenstates and show their tunneling phenomena. The solutions are expressed by a determinant of theta functions.
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