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Peer-assisted learning: time for nomenclature clarification.

Alexander Olaussen1,2,3, Priya Reddy1, Susan Irvine1

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|July 15, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review clarifies terminology for peer-assisted learning (PAL) in healthcare education. It proposes six new terms based on student-teacher relationships and ratios, enhancing research clarity.

Keywords:
PALdidacticmentornear-peernear-peer teacherpeer-assisted learningtutoring

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Healthcare Pedagogy
  • Educational Research

Background:

  • Peer-assisted learning (PAL) is widely used in healthcare education.
  • Inconsistent terminology for PAL programs complicates literature interpretation.
  • Clarifying PAL terminology is crucial for advancing this educational philosophy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically describe existing PAL programs in healthcare.
  • To clarify the diverse terminology used for PAL.
  • To propose a pragmatic classification system for PAL programs based on their design.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of current PAL programs within the healthcare setting was performed.
  • Each program was analyzed based on the student-teacher relationship and student-to-teacher ratio.
  • A novel classification system was developed and applied to categorize the reviewed programs.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-four PAL programs were identified, exhibiting varied terminology.
  • The student-teacher relationship was categorized as peer-to-peer or near-peer.
  • Student-to-teacher ratios were grouped into 'Mentoring' (1:1-2), 'Tutoring' (1:3-10), and 'Didactic' (1:>10).
  • Six novel PAL terms were proposed: Peer Mentoring, Peer Tutoring, Peer Didactic, Near-Peer Mentoring, Near-Peer Tutoring, and Near-Peer Didactic.

Conclusions:

  • A simple, pragmatic terminology for PAL programs is proposed to resolve ambiguity.
  • Clear terminology will facilitate more effective and efficient educational research.
  • Standardized terms will support the continued development of PAL as an educational philosophy.