Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.7K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.7K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.9K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
2.9K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

1.8K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
1.8K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

1.7K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
1.7K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.1K
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

6.1K
Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

One Coordination Cage, Many Pathways: Multiple Stimuli Drive Reversible Transformations.

JACS Au·2026
Same author

Programming Palladium Cage Geometry through Ligand Redox Modulation.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Transparent Conductive Copper-Doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Cu) Thin Films: PVco-D Fabrication and Applications in Perovskite Solar Cells.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Controlled Nitration of Solvent Green 5 as a Platform for Functional Perylene Derivatives.

Organic letters·2026
Same author

New Chemical Scaffold with Antimicrobial Activity Identified in a Screening of Industrial Photoactive Compounds.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Functionalization of the 1,8-Naphthalimide Core with Weak Nucleophiles.

Organic letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Light-mediated Formation and Patterning of Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications
10:45

Light-mediated Formation and Patterning of Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications

Published on: September 29, 2016

13.6K

Promoting Spontaneous Second Harmonic Generation through Organogelation.

A Belén Marco1, Fátima Aparicio2, Lara Faour2

  • 1Departamento de Química Orgánica, ICMA, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC , 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel organogelator was synthesized for nonlinear optics. The resulting material exhibits stable, spontaneous second harmonic generation (SHG) without preprocessing, simplifying SHG material applications.

More Related Videos

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

12.1K
Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking TXL for Myopia
12:25

Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking TXL for Myopia

Published on: January 6, 2018

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Light-mediated Formation and Patterning of Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications
10:45

Light-mediated Formation and Patterning of Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications

Published on: September 29, 2016

13.6K
20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

12.1K
Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking TXL for Myopia
12:25

Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking TXL for Myopia

Published on: January 6, 2018

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Optics

Background:

  • Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are crucial for optical technologies.
  • Achieving efficient second harmonic generation (SHG) often requires complex alignment methods.
  • Developing intrinsically aligned NLO materials is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a novel organogelator based on the Disperse Red chromophore.
  • To investigate the spontaneous SHG properties of the resulting supramolecular xerogels.
  • To demonstrate a simplified approach to NLO material preparation.

Main Methods:

  • A three-step synthesis procedure was employed to create the organogelator.
  • Supramolecular gel formation was induced.
  • The second harmonic generation (SHG) response of the xerogels was measured.
  • Stability of the SHG response was monitored over several months.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized organogelator formed stable xerogels.
  • These xerogels exhibited spontaneous second harmonic generation (SHG) without any preprocessing.
  • The observed SHG activity remained stable for several months.
  • The intrinsic structural organization, driven by intermolecular interactions, promoted non-centrosymmetric NLO-active alignment.

Conclusions:

  • A simple and efficient method for creating SHG-active materials was developed.
  • The organogelator provides a promising platform for intrinsic NLO material design.
  • This approach avoids complex external techniques for dipole alignment, offering a significant advantage over conventional methods.