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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats
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Leptin in the Anterior Piriform Cortex Affects Food Intake in Rats.

J E Blevins1, P J Havel2, J L Beverly3

  • 1b Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology , School of Veterinary Medicine , and Food Intake Laboratory , University of California , Davis , CA 95616 , USA.

Nutritional Neuroscience
|July 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leptin administration in the anterior piriform cortex (APC) suppresses food intake (FI). This study suggests leptin may act in extrahypothalamic areas like the APC to modulate appetite, but not selectively during amino acid deficiency anorexia.

Keywords:
Amino acid imbalanceAppetite regulationExtrahypothalamicRat

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Appetite Regulation

Background:

  • Leptin is known to inhibit food intake (FI) when administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) or intrahypothalamically.
  • Previous research had limited investigation of leptin's effects in extrahypothalamic brain regions, with only the dorsal raphe nucleus examined.
  • The anterior piriform cortex (APC) is implicated in controlling FI, particularly during amino acid (AA) deficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of leptin administration into the APC on food intake.
  • To examine leptin's role in the short-term anorexia associated with amino acid deficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Bilateral leptin injections (0.25 μg and 0.1 μg) into the APC of rats.
  • Assessment of food intake on a balanced diet and a threonine-imbalanced diet.
  • Measurement of plasma leptin concentrations in response to different diets.

Main Results:

  • Leptin administration into the APC suppressed food intake of a balanced diet by 36% (6–12 h) and 15% (12–24 h).
  • Leptin (0.1 μg) significantly inhibited food intake on a threonine-imbalanced diet by approximately 48% (12–24 h).
  • Plasma leptin levels increased more after a basal diet than an imbalanced diet, indicating AA deficiency anorexia is not leptin-mediated.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin administration into the APC, an extrahypothalamic site, effectively suppresses food intake.
  • Leptin is unlikely to be the primary mediator of short-term anorexia caused by amino acid deficiency.
  • Endogenous leptin may act within the APC to modulate food intake, supporting a broader role beyond the hypothalamus.