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Effect of Aged Garlic Extract on the Cytotoxicity of Alzheimer β-Amyloid Peptide in Neuronal PC12 Cells
B Griffin1, M Selassie1, E T Gwebu1
1a Department of Research , Oakwood College , 7000 Adventist Blvd. NW, Huntsville , AL 35896 , USA.
Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of progressive intellectual failure and memory impairment among the elderly, affecting over 4 million Americans. A hallmark of the disease is the accumulation of β-amyloid, whose neurotoxicity has been well documented. A therapeutic approach may be to ameliorate this toxicity. Garlic has antioxidant, anti-aging and anti-ischemic properties. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether aged garlic extract attenuates the effect of neurotoxin, β-amyloid 25-35 (Aβ) in neuronal PC12 cells. Proliferating (non-neuronal) PC12 cells were treated with the nerve growth factor for at least 4 days before experiments were initiated. This treatment differentiates PC12 cells to a neuronal cell line. Cell viability was determined using the MTS-based assay (Promega). Wakunaga of America (Mission Viejo, CA) kindly donated aged garlic extract(TM) (AGE(TM)) as Kyolic(R) liquid. AGE(TM) was sterilized by filtration and diluted in cell growth medium. Our results show that AGE™ protects neuronal PC12 cells against Aβ (95nM) toxicity in a dose dependent manner. AGE(TM) may be effective in ameliorating Aβ -neurotoxicity.
Insights
Aged garlic extract protects neuronal cells from Alzheimer's disease-related neurotoxin, β-amyloid. This study suggests aged garlic extract may be effective in reducing β-amyloid toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of elderly cognitive decline, characterized by β-amyloid accumulation.
- β-amyloid (Aβ) exhibits significant neurotoxicity, making it a therapeutic target.
- Garlic possesses known antioxidant and anti-aging properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if aged garlic extract (AGE) can mitigate the neurotoxic effects of β-amyloid 25-35 (Aβ) in a neuronal cell model.
- To evaluate the protective potential of AGE against Aβ-induced toxicity in PC12 cells.
Main Methods:
- PC12 cells were differentiated into a neuronal lineage using nerve growth factor.
- Cell viability was assessed using an MTS-based assay after exposure to Aβ and varying concentrations of AGE.
- Aged garlic extract (Kyolic® liquid) was utilized for the experiments.
Main Results:
- Aged garlic extract demonstrated a dose-dependent protective effect on neuronal PC12 cells against Aβ toxicity.
- AGE significantly attenuated the neurotoxic impact of 95nM Aβ on cell viability.
Conclusions:
- Aged garlic extract shows promise in protecting neuronal cells from β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity.
- AGE may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for ameliorating Alzheimer's disease pathology related to Aβ toxicity.
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