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Neuroimaging of Spinal Instability.

Mario Muto1, Francesco Giurazza2, Gianluigi Guarnieri1

  • 1Neuroradiology Department, Cardarelli Hospital, Via Cardarelli 9, Naples 80131, Italy.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America
|July 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Spinal instability, often linked to spine diseases, requires specific imaging for assessment. Dynamic radiography and CT are common, with newer dynamic MRI techniques offering improved simulation of pathological conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • The human spine is a complex biomechanical structure susceptible to diseases often manifesting as instability.
  • Assessing spinal instability is crucial for diagnosing and managing various spine conditions.
  • Traditional imaging methods have limitations in accurately evaluating dynamic spinal instability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental concepts of spinal instability.
  • To describe the role of various imaging modalities in the assessment of spinal instability.
  • To highlight advancements in imaging technology for evaluating spinal stability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on spinal instability and imaging techniques.
  • Discussion of dynamic radiography (flexion-extension) and its applications.
Keywords:
Back painCTDynamic MRIDynamic radiographyOpen MRI scannerSpinal instability

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  • Evaluation of computerized tomography (CT) for traumatic spinal instability.
  • Exploration of novel dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques (axial load, upright standing).

    • Main Results:

    • Dynamic radiography is frequently used for assessing lumbar spine stability.
    • CT offers superior accuracy in detecting fractures associated with traumatic instability.
    • Dynamic MRI techniques provide a more realistic simulation of pathological conditions compared to conventional supine scans.
    • Each imaging modality has specific strengths for evaluating different aspects of spinal instability.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding spinal instability is key to diagnosing spine diseases.
    • A range of imaging techniques, from conventional to novel, are available for assessing spinal instability.
    • Advancements in dynamic MRI offer promising improvements for evaluating spinal stability under more physiologic conditions.