Diagnostic Approach to Pediatric Spine Disorders

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Radiology
• Developmental Anatomy
• Neuroradiology

Background:

• Interpreting pediatric spinal pathology requires understanding normal embryologic and developmental anatomy.
• Congenital and acquired spinal abnormalities are significant concerns in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the embryologic and developmental anatomy of the pediatric spine and spinal cord.
• To highlight the role of MR imaging in diagnosing pediatric spinal abnormalities.
• To discuss common indications and technical considerations for pediatric spinal MR imaging.

Main Methods:

• Review of embryologic and developmental milestones of the spine and spinal cord.
• Discussion of imaging modalities, emphasizing the utility of MR imaging.
• Compilation of common indications for pediatric spinal MR examinations.

Main Results:

• Detailed description of spinal and spinal cord embryogenesis and growth.
• Emphasis on MR imaging as the primary diagnostic tool for pediatric spinal abnormalities.
• Computed tomography and ultrasonography have complementary, but limited, roles.

Conclusions:

• A thorough understanding of pediatric spinal development is essential for accurate diagnosis.
• Pediatric spinal MR imaging is the cornerstone for evaluating suspected abnormalities.
• Familiarity with technical aspects and indications optimizes diagnostic yield.