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Global Climate Change01:50

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
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Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
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Façade-Level Monitoring of CO2 Variability under Urban Heat Island Conditions using Low-Cost Sensor Data Loggers
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Climate Change and Children: Health Risks of Abatement Inaction, Health Gains from Action.

Anthony J McMichael1

  • 1The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. tony.mcmichael@anu.edu.au.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 16, 2016
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Climate change significantly impacts children globally, causing anxiety and health issues. Disadvantaged children face severe threats to survival and well-being from environmental and social disruptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Human-driven climate change is advancing, causing widespread concern among adults regarding livelihoods and security.
  • Children are affected by parental anxieties and a lack of understanding about climate change, leading to chronic worry and potential health issues.
  • Millions of children in impoverished nations face direct threats to basic needs like food and water, increasing risks of climate-sensitive diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the profound and diverse risks climate change poses to children worldwide.
  • To emphasize the particular vulnerability of children in poor and disadvantaged populations.
  • To underscore the need for special concern for children as they face escalating climate challenges and potential future health impacts.

Main Methods:

  • The study synthesizes existing research and observational data on the impacts of climate change on child health and well-being.
  • It examines psychological effects, such as anxiety and stress, in children related to climate change.
  • It analyzes the direct physical health risks, including infectious diseases and malnutrition, exacerbated by climate-sensitive environmental changes.

Main Results:

  • Chronically worried children exhibit elevated cortisol levels and organ system changes prefiguring adult diseases.
  • Climate change exacerbates risks of diarrheal diseases, malaria, and other infections, particularly for children in developing countries.
  • The Somali drought and displacement to Dadaab refugee camps exemplify how climate-related events endanger children's physical, emotional, and mental health due to resource scarcity.

Conclusions:

  • Children are disproportionately vulnerable to the immediate and long-term consequences of climate change, including health, psychological, and social impacts.
  • Disadvantaged children will bear the most significant burden of climate-related trauma, disease, and premature death.
  • Urgent attention and action are required to protect children from current and future climate-related threats, recognizing their role as the future generation.