Medical cost analysis of a school district worksite wellness program

To evaluate whether participation in a worksite wellness program differs by age and sex and is associated with frequency and average cost of medical claims.

Healthcare cost data were available for school district employees during the academic years ending in 2009 through 2014. The wellness program was available in the later 3 years. The frequency and the average cost of medical claims were compared between the 3 years prior to and the 3 years during the wellness program.

Wellness program participation increased from 65.6% 2011-2012 to 79.7% 2012-2013. The increase occurred within age-groups and for males and females. The average age of program participants was significantly lower in 2011-2012 (48.2 vs. 49.4, p = 0.0099), but similar in the next 2 academic years. Participation in at least one behavior change campaign in each year was 52.1%, 53.7%, and 73.7% of all wellness program participants, respectively. Female employees were significantly more likely to complete one or more behavior change campaigns in each year of the wellness program (p < 0.0001). The percentage of employees filing at least one claim per time period was higher for those in the wellness program (p < 0.0001), but average medical claims payments were lower for those in the wellness program. After subtracting program costs, the cost savings from the wellness program was $3,612,402. The benefit-to-cost ratio was 3.6.

Participation in the wellness program resulted in lower average medical claim costs than non-participation but number of claims were higher in program participants.