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Understanding change among multi-problem families: Learnings from a formative program assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Child Welfare
  • Social Work
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Chronic maltreatment prevention requires effective interventions for multi-problem families.
  • Child welfare involvement indicates complex needs and potential for ongoing risk.
  • Voluntary programs face challenges in maintaining long-term participant engagement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the implementation of a long-term voluntary intervention for preventing chronic maltreatment.
  • To assess client engagement and identify factors influencing participation in a child welfare program.
  • To understand the interaction between risk factors and services over time and inform program refinement.

Main Methods:

  • Formative evaluation using participant interviews (n=10) and retrospective case file review (n=17).
  • Analysis of ongoing program staff meeting notes and discussions.
  • Examination of engagement, risk factors, and service delivery over the program's duration.

Main Results:

  • Only 22% of families completed the full two-year voluntary program, despite positive feedback and engagement efforts.
  • Material hardship emerged as a persistent risk factor from program start to finish.
  • Unforeseen negative events and non-linear progress patterns were common, impacting program outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained engagement in voluntary child maltreatment prevention programs remains a significant challenge for multi-problem families.
  • Program designs must account for persistent risk factors like material hardship and unpredictable life events.
  • Intervention strategies need flexibility to address non-linear progress and adapt to family-specific challenges in child welfare contexts.