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M A Cosatti1, C N Pisoni1, J L Altuve2

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Malignant large B-cell lymphoma, anaplastic subtype, can affect joints and skin, mimicking rheumatoid arthritis. Prompt diagnosis and chemotherapy led to complete resolution of these rare lymphoma manifestations.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) rarely involves the synovium.
  • Synovial and cutaneous involvement in NHL can present atypically.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with polyarthritis, sicca symptoms, and a rash resembling rheumatoid arthritis.
  • An unusual skin rash prompted biopsies, revealing malignant large B-cell lymphoma, anaplastic subtype, in both skin and synovium.

Findings:

  • The diagnosis confirmed synovial and skin involvement by anaplastic large B-cell lymphoma.
  • Treatment with dexamethasone, vincristine, and rituximab was initiated.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare diagnoses like lymphoma in polyarticular and dermatologic presentations.
  • Complete resolution of cutaneous and articular lymphoma manifestations was achieved with chemotherapy, demonstrating treatment efficacy.