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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Fiber Optics
    • Quantum Information

    Background:

    • Orbital angular momentum (OAM) offers unique properties for optical applications.
    • Generating OAM in optical fibers is crucial for advanced communication and sensing.
    • Polarization-maintaining (PM) fibers offer stable light propagation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the generation of OAM in a two-mode PM optical fiber.
    • To show that OAM can be finely tuned by controlling the phase between fiber modes.
    • To achieve high modal purity in the generated OAM beams.

    Main Methods:

    • Combining two linearly polarized modes within a PM fiber.
    • Utilizing the relative phase between LP11e- and LP11o-like fiber modes.
    • Quantitatively measuring the generated OAM per photon.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully generated linearly polarized optical vortex beams with OAM.
    • Demonstrated fine control over the average OAM by adjusting inter-modal phase.
    • Achieved OAM values ranging from ±1ℏ per photon.
    • Obtained a modal purity of 97%.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully demonstrates OAM generation in a two-mode PM fiber.
    • Precise OAM control is achievable by manipulating inter-modal phase.
    • High modal purity is maintained, indicating efficient OAM generation.