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Effect of the house dust mite allergen Der p 1 on tryptase release from human mast cells

D Q Wang1, Y Y Shen1, J H Xu1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Genetics and Molecular Research : GMR
|July 16, 2016
PubMed

Insights

House dust mite allergen Der p 1 triggers mast cell degranulation and tryptase release by activating protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2). Tryptase further stimulates PAR2, creating a positive feedback loop.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Mast cells play a crucial role in allergic responses.
  • House dust mite allergens are common triggers for allergic diseases.
  • Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) is implicated in inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of house dust mite allergen Der p 1 on human mast cell line HMC-1.
  • To elucidate the role of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) in Der p 1-induced mast cell activation.
  • To examine the potential positive feedback mechanism involving tryptase and PAR2.

Main Methods:

  • HMC-1 cells were treated with Der p 1, PAR2 agonist (SLIGRL-NH2), control peptide (LRGILS-NH2), or PAR2 antagonist (FSLLRY).
  • Flow cytometry assessed PAR2 expression.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured tryptase release.
  • Confocal microscopy and calcium green indicator evaluated intracellular calcium levels.

Main Results:

  • HMC-1 cells express PAR2 on their surface.
  • Der p 1 significantly induced intracellular calcium and tryptase release, mediated by PAR2 activation.
  • PAR2 antagonist partially inhibited Der p 1-induced calcium and tryptase release.
  • Tryptase itself induced intracellular calcium release, indicating a positive feedback loop.

Conclusions:

  • Der p 1 allergen activates HMC-1 cells via PAR2, leading to degranulation and tryptase secretion.
  • Tryptase release by HMC-1 cells can further activate PAR2, creating a positive feedback loop.
  • These findings highlight the intricate mechanism of mast cell activation by allergens and the role of PAR2 in allergic inflammation.

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